Horse-riding Society

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In the Middle Ages, horses were distinguished more by their use than by their breed. Sturdy war horses of knights (destriers) were complemented by more agile palfreys, favoured by the nobility. For the less wealthy classes, there were versatile horses called rounceys. Various types of draft horses could be seen in fields, caravans, or mine trevails.
The most important part of the equipment was the saddle. It was characterised by a seat made from a single piece of wood, usually without any padding. However, riding on it was surprisingly comfortable. This was aided not only by the wide cut on the sides of the saddle for better contact with the horse’s flanks but also by the raised front and especially the back pommel, which served as a backrest.
To control the horse, a bridle was used, consisting of a bit (most commonly a snaffle, later of the curb type) and reins. Spurs also had significant riding as well as social importance.
Common accessories for knightly or noble horses included decorated harnesses and breastplates. War horses could be seen with metal chamfrons protecting their heads. During tournaments or battles, horses were dressed in caparisons of various cuts, colours, and heraldry. The most widespread was the caparison covering the entire body of the horse, or the so-called croupiere or crupper, which protected only the horse’s back and hindquarters.
A medieval rider expected his time on horseback to be comfortable and safe. The design of the saddle directly defined his seat. The rider was more upright and leaning back, transferring weight to his legs. The supports firmly held him in the saddle and protected him from attacks from the ground. However, being firmly locked in the saddle also had its disadvantages.
Jumping on a horse was almost impossible and dismounting quickly was also difficult. It was not uncommon for many injuries or deaths to be caused more by the saddle itself than by falling from the horse.

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